var subject = new Array();

subject[0] = new Array(5);
subject[0][1] = "01_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[0][2] = ""; 
subject[0][3] = "Lawrence Glenn:";
subject[0][4] = ""; 
subject[0][5] = "  You all are lucky today, because there are two types of airboat drivers:  either those that have sank a boat or those that are going to sink a boat.  I've already sank a boat, so, we've got that one already out of the way.";

subject[1] = new Array(5);
subject[1][1] = "04_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[1][2] = ""; 
subject[1][3] = "Narrator:";
subject[1][4] = ""; 
subject[1][5] = 'The "S" curves of the Kissimmee make for challenging airboat driving, even for Lawrence Glenn, a scientist who\'s been working on this river for a decade.';

subject[2] = new Array(5);
subject[2][1] = "07_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[2][2] = ""; 
subject[2][3] = "Lawrence Glenn:";
subject[2][4] = ""; 
subject[2][5] = "My role, I am the fish guy.  I am responsible for monitoring the response of fish communities to restoration.";

subject[3] = new Array(5);
subject[3][1] = "13_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[3][2] = "© South Florida Water Management District"; 
subject[3][3] = "Narrator:";
subject[3][4] = ""; 
subject[3][5] = 'The restoration is a $575-million canal de-construction project.  It\'s replacing a straight canal with those "S" curves challenging Glenn.  The plan is to return much of the Kissimmee to its original state as a meandering river that spills its banks over a vast floodplain.  Since backfilling of this seven-mile section of river was completed in 2001, the river\'s game fish--its bass and brim--are coming back strong.  So are waterfowl, wading birds and shore birds.';

subject[4] = new Array(5);
subject[4][1] = "17_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[4][2] = ""; 
subject[4][3] = "Lawrence Glenn:";
subject[4][4] = ""; 
subject[4][5] = "Over here you see Black-necked Stilts using that sandbar.  And we actually have nesting stilts on several of the sandbars.";

subject[5] = new Array(5);
subject[5][1] = "19_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[5][2] = ""; 
subject[5][3] = "Narrator:";
subject[5][4] = ""; 
subject[5][5] = "Glen motors over to another sand bar to use it as a chalkboard.";

subject[6] = new Array(5);
subject[6][1] = "22_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[6][2] = ""; 
subject[6][3] = "Lawrence Glenn:";
subject[6][4] = ""; 
subject[6][5] = "What I'm drawing now is the twisty turning river, in the sand, that shows what it looked like prior to channelization.  And then when they dredged the canal, they dredged this monstrous 30-foot deep, 300-foot wide canal right down the center of the flood plain.";

subject[7] = new Array(5);
subject[7][1] = "28_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[7][2] = "© South Florida Water Management District"; 
subject[7][3] = "Narrator:";
subject[7][4] = ""; 
subject[7][5] = 'The Army Corps of Engineers originally straightened the 103-mile long Kissimmee, fixing the river\'s messy flooding problem by connecting Lakes Kissimmee and Okeechobee with a 52-mile-long gash of a canal.  The "S" curves dried up, and the sandbars disappeared.  The river was now tidy and efficient -- and suffocating.';

subject[8] = new Array(5);
subject[8][1] = "33_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[8][2] = ""; 
subject[8][3] = "Lawrence Glenn:";
subject[8][4] = ""; 
subject[8][5] = "So the channelization project occurred between '62 and '71, and before they even finished that, ecologists realized it was a big oops, that the ecology of this river floodplain ecosystem was being devastated by channelization.";

subject[9] = new Array(5);
subject[9][1] = "34_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[9][2] = ""; 
subject[9][3] = "Narrator:";
subject[9][4] = ""; 
subject[9][5] = "Eager to show another positive result of Kissimmee restoration, Glenn skids out across a wet floodplain.  He cuts the motor on a matte of Buttonbush, Smartweed, Parrotfeather, and Coontail.";

subject[10] = new Array(5);
subject[10][1] = "35_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[10][2] = ""; 
subject[10][3] = "Lawrence Glenn:";
subject[10][4] = ""; 
subject[10][5] = 'We haven\'t had to do a thing for the vegetation communities - It\'s almost a, "just-add water," and the plants come back naturally.';

subject[11] = new Array(5);
subject[11][1] = "36_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[11][2] = ""; 
subject[11][3] = "Narrator:";
subject[11][4] = ""; 
subject[11][5] = "On the surface of the restored river float mats of green goop, Periphyton -- algae that is the start of the food chain.";

subject[12] = new Array(5);
subject[12][1] = "40_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[12][2] = ""; 
subject[12][3] = "Lawrence Glenn:";
subject[12][4] = ""; 
subject[12][5] = "It's a very important part of the food web in that it's the initial energy source that can be converted from Periphyton to the bug communities that come and use that, the fish communities that then eat the bugs and it's the beginning of that whole energy power- plant-type source that the floodplain provides for the ecosystem as a whole.";

subject[13] = new Array(5);
subject[13][1] = "45_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[13][2] = ""; 
subject[13][3] = "Narrator:";
subject[13][4] = ""; 
subject[13][5] = "Not long ago, this mosaic of habitats was pastureland for cattle.  When the river was channelized and the floodplain drained, ranchers moved in.  For decades, they indiscriminately fertilized the soil:  good for grass but not for the 'glades.  Today, phosphorus is the most-wanted villain in the Everglades - historically a nutrient-poor system.";

subject[14] = new Array(5);
subject[14][1] = "49_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[14][2] = ""; 
subject[14][3] = "Lawrence Glenn:";
subject[14][4] = ""; 
subject[14][5] = "This was a cattle pasture; now we're sitting in a flood plain marsh and flood plain marshes are the energy production centers for the river flood plain ecosystem.";

subject[15] = new Array(5);
subject[15][1] = "50_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[15][2] = "© Jill Heinerth"; 
subject[15][3] = "Narrator:";
subject[15][4] = ""; 
subject[15][5] = "Glenn says big male 'gators sometimes bellow out here, but it's far more common to hear cattle.  When restoration began, the state purchased from ranchers the land most likely to flood.";

subject[16] = new Array(5);
subject[16][1] = "52_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[16][2] = ""; 
subject[16][3] = "Lawrence Glenn:";
subject[16][4] = ""; 
subject[16][5] = "This project is able to be conducted because it's not so heavily, densely populated; because we're displacing a lot of cattle, instead of a lot of people.";

subject[17] = new Array(5);
subject[17][1] = "54_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[17][2] = ""; 
subject[17][3] = "Narrator:";
subject[17][4] = ""; 
subject[17][5] = "Instead of fighting the changes, many cattle ranchers chose to work with those restoring the river.  One is Wes Williamson, whose grandfather purchased the nine-thousand acre ranch in the 1950's.";

subject[18] = new Array(5);
subject[18][1] = "56_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[18][2] = ""; 
subject[18][3] = "Wes Williamson:";
subject[18][4] = ""; 
subject[18][5] = "This is called the Kissimmee Valley.  It\'s probably some of the best cattle country in the United States.";

subject[19] = new Array(5);
subject[19][1] = "60_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[19][2] = ""; 
subject[19][3] = "Narrator:";
subject[19][4] = ""; 
subject[19][5] = "In a progressive pilot project, the Williamsons recently partnered with the World Wildlife Fund, the Department of Agriculture and the South Florida Water Management District.  The plan is for the Williamsons to flood a 250-acre pasture and maintain it as a wetland for the purpose of storing water and removing phosphorus from it.";

subject[20] = new Array(5);
subject[20][1] = "62_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[20][2] = ""; 
subject[20][3] = "Wes Williamson:";
subject[20][4] = ""; 
subject[20][5] = "And that's something that the people of the state of Florida are paying a huge amount of money -- to store water and to cleanse water.  If ranchers can do it on their ranch, without the public having to buy the property, if they can do a better job for less money, it's a win-win.";

subject[21] = new Array(5);
subject[21][1] = "63_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[21][2] = ""; 
subject[21][3] = "Narrator:";
subject[21][4] = ""; 
subject[21][5] = "The income from this new environmental service might help to ensure a healthy profit for the ranch.";

subject[22] = new Array(5);
subject[22][1] = "71_kiss.jpg"; 
subject[22][2] = "© Karst Productions, Inc."; 
subject[22][3] = "Wes Williamson:";
subject[22][4] = ""; 
subject[22][5] = "Oh, I think without question, as far as environmentally, these ranches are a lot better for the environment than, as daddy calls it, the final crop, and that's development and housing.  I mean, that's unfortunate, because whenever it goes to development and housing, it's not ever going to come back.  It's gone.";